Africa and the Middle East are evolving regions
Africa and the Middle East are evolving regions with growing attention to inclusivity, though progress on LGBTQ+ rights varies widely. While some cities are making strides toward fostering equality and openness, challenges remain due to legal and cultural barriers. Recent advocacy efforts and global partnerships have sparked dialogue and incremental change, signaling a slow but hopeful shift toward greater inclusivity for LGBTQ+ communities.
City ratings
BBB
Tel Aviv
CC
Abu Dhabi
Cape Town ▼
Dubai
Johannesburg
C
Doha ▲
Durban ▼
▼ City has declined since 2022 ▲ City has improved since 2022 ✷ New city
DDD
Istanbul
DD
Casablanca ▲
Rabat ▲
Dakar ▲
✷ Kigali
Tunis ▼
✷ Kampala
Addis Ababa
Kuwait City
D
Amman ▼
Lagos
Cairo
Nairobi ▼
E
Dar es Salaam
Tehran
▼ City has declined since 2022 ▲ City has improved since 2022 ✷ New city
Region headlines
Nairobi has moved up in the rankings for the first time since we started rating cities. This was driven by an increased entrepreneurship score and some small improvements in LGBTQ+ inclusion. Nairobi has focused on creating a strong innovation ecosystem for years, which has led to a number of start-up hubs in the city. Most recently, Visa announced its plans to launch its first African innovation studio in Nairobi, citing “a fast-growing region with a tech-savvy population.” xxii
In fact one prominent community for entrepreneurs, Startup Grind, hosts networking mixers for LGBTQ+ founders in Nairobi, showcasing the connection between innovation and inclusion. xxiii
Additionally, Kenya became the first country in Africa to include intersex individuals in the national census.xxiv On top of improving social attitudes toward the LGBTQ+ community, these could be signals for Nairobi’s continued climb in the ratings. However, continued criminalization of same-sex acts and low social acceptance of the community continues to keep it in the not open for business category.

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